Zehetbauer, Intermetallics 19, 546 (2011) Kim, in Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Conference on Thermoelectrics (ICT, Vienna, Austria, 2006), p. Tritt (Academic Press, 2001, Nashua, NH vol. Chen, In: Semiconductors and Semimetals, ed. Venkatasubramanian, In: Semiconductors and Semimetals, ed. Zhang, in Proceedings of the Twenty-Second International Conference on Thermoelectrics, ICT2003, IEEE Cat. Zhang, (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2018) p.193 Rogl, Advanced Thermoelectrics: Materials, Contacts, Devices and Systems, ed. Goldsmid, Introduction to Thermoelectricity, vol 121, 2nd edn. Bhandari, Modern Thermoelectrics (Reston Publishing Company, Reston, VA, 1983) Rowe, Thermoelectrics Handbook Macro to Nano (CRC Taylor&Francis, Boca Raton, FL, 2006)ĭ.M. Rogl, in: Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, ed. With these attractive values, one can conceive TE skutterudite materials being at the brink of a breakthrough in technological applications for thermoelectric power generation, given a large-scale thermoelectric (TE)-generator module producer. Although laboratory records in the figure-of-merit ZT equal to 1.5 for p-type and 1.9 for n-type skutterudites were reached, large-scale production (about 50 kg batches of powders) has already achieved ZT values of 1.3 ( p-type) and 1.5 ( n-type) with thermoelectric conversion leg efficiencies of 13.4 and 14.5%.

Issues concerning the stability of skutterudites and an overview of mechanical properties including thermal expansion will follow. Besides unfilled CoSb 3-based grades, we will focus on filled p- and n-type skutterudites (La 1− xFe 4Sb 12), to show improvement via tuning of the electronic band structure, to consider phonon engineering in order to reduce thermal conductivity, to discuss the nanoeffect (ball milling, high-energy ball milling, severe plastic deformation), and to highlight the importance of density and impact of nanoprecipitates. We will cover the most important steps within these almost 200 years and discuss the development of TE skutterudites and the enhancement of those figures-of-merit. Since the discovery of skutterudite (an arsenide mineral (Co, Fe, Ni)As 3) in 1845 in Norway, valuable research on isotypic Sb-based skutterudites achieved high-quality thermoelectric (TE) p- and n-type leg materials with remarkably high figure-of-merit ZT, forming the basis for large-scale production and application in thermoelectric power generation coupled with waste heat recovery.

Cm2 spd 1.27 crack